Verse-by-Verse Study Notes
STUDY NOTES — verse by verse. [Brackets] mark English helper words. Hebrew quoted word-for-word from the Tanakh, never invented. “Lord” = kurios (title), never the Name. Greek in pinned comment; apparatus free below.
Rev 21:1 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “And I saw a heaven new and an earth new; for the heaven the first and the earth the first went away, and the sea is not still.”
Heb, Isa 65:17 (a new heavens and a new earth): כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֥י בוֹרֵ֛א שָׁמַ֥יִם חֲדָשִׁ֖ים וָאָ֣רֶץ חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וְלֹ֤א תִזָּכַ֨רְנָה֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנ֔וֹת וְלֹ֥א תַעֲלֶ֖ינָה עַל־לֵֽב׃ — “for behold, I am creating heavens new and an earth new; and the former [things] shall not be remembered, and they shall not come up upon the heart”
Heb, Isa 66:22 (the new heavens and the new earth remaining): כִּ֣י כַאֲשֶׁ֣ר הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם הַ֠חֳדָשִׁים וְהָאָ֨רֶץ הַחֲדָשָׁ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֛ה עֹמְדִ֥ים לְפָנַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כֵּ֛ן יַעֲמֹ֥ד זַרְעֲכֶ֖ם וְשִׁמְכֶֽם׃ — “for as the heavens the new and the earth the new which I am making stand before Me, declares YudHeyVavHey, so shall stand your seed and your name”
Rev 21:2 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the city the holy Jerusalem new I saw coming down out of the heaven from Elohim, having been prepared as a bride having been adorned for the husband of her.”
Heb, Isa 61:10 (as a bride adorns herself with her jewels): כֶּֽחָתָן֙ יְכַהֵ֣ן פְּאֵ֔ר וְכַכַּלָּ֖ה תַּעְדֶּ֥ה כֵלֶֽיהָ׃ — “as a bridegroom decks [himself] with splendor, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels”
Rev 21:3 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and I heard a voice great out of the throne saying: Behold, the tent of Elohim [is] with the men, and He shall tent with them, and they peoples of Him shall be, and Himself Elohim with them shall be,”
Heb, Ezek 37:27 (My tabernacle over them): וְהָיָ֤ה מִשְׁכָּנִי֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָהֶ֖ם לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וְהֵ֖מָּה יִֽהְיוּ־לִ֥י לְעָֽם׃ — “and My tabernacle shall be over them, and I will be to them for Elohim, and they shall be to Me for a people”
Rev 21:4 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and He shall wipe away every tear out of the eyes of them, and the death shall not be still; neither mourning nor crying nor pain shall be still. The first [things] went away.”
Heb, Isa 25:8 (He will swallow up death forever, and wipe the tear from every face): בִּלַּ֤ע הַמָּ֨וֶת֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וּמָחָ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה דִּמְעָ֖ה מֵעַ֣ל כָּל־פָּנִ֑ים וְחֶרְפַּ֣ת עַמּ֗וֹ יָסִיר֙ מֵעַ֣ל כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר׃ — “He will swallow up death forever, and Adonai YudHeyVavHey will wipe the tear from upon all faces, and the reproach of His people He will remove from upon all the earth, for YudHeyVavHey has spoken”
Rev 21:5 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “And said the [One] sitting upon the throne: Behold, new I make all [things]. And He says: Write, for these the words faithful and true are.”
Heb, Isa 43:19 (behold, I am doing a new thing): הִנְנִ֨י עֹשֶׂ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ עַתָּ֣ה תִצְמָ֔ח הֲל֖וֹא תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ אַ֣ף אָשִׂ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ דֶּ֔רֶךְ בִּֽישִׁמ֖וֹן נְהָרֽוֹת׃ — “behold, I am doing a new thing; now it shall spring forth — will you not know it? — even I will set in the wilderness a way, in the desert rivers”
Rev 21:6 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and He said to me: It is done; I [am] the Alpha and the Omega, the beginning and the end. I to the [one] thirsting will give out of the spring of the water of the life freely.”
Heb, Isa 44:6 (I am first and I am last): כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְגֹאֲל֖וֹ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת אֲנִ֤י רִאשׁוֹן֙ וַאֲנִ֣י אַחֲר֔וֹן וּמִבַּלְעָדַ֖י אֵ֥ין אֱלֹהִֽים׃ — “thus says YudHeyVavHey, King of Israel, and his Redeemer, YudHeyVavHey of hosts: I am first and I am last, and besides Me there is no Elohim”
Heb, Isa 48:12 (I am He; I am first, I am also last): שְׁמַ֤ע אֵלַי֙ יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מְקֹרָאִ֑י אֲנִי־הוּא֙ אֲנִ֣י רִאשׁ֔וֹן אַ֖ף אֲנִ֥י אַחֲרֽוֹן׃ — “hear to Me, Jacob, and Israel My called: I am He; I am first, I am also last”
Heb, Isa 55:1 (Ho, every thirsty one, come to the waters): ה֤וֹי כָּל־צָמֵא֙ לְכ֣וּ לַמָּ֔יִם — “Ho, every thirsty one, come to the waters”
Heb, Jer 2:13 (the fountain of living waters): כִּֽי־שְׁתַּ֥יִם רָע֖וֹת עָשָׂ֣ה עַמִּ֑י אֹתִ֨י עָזְב֜וּ מְק֣וֹר מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֗ים — “for two evils My people have done: Me they have forsaken, the fountain of living waters”
Rev 21:7 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “the [one] overcoming shall inherit these [things], and I shall be to him Elohim and he shall be to Me a son.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:8 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “but to the cowardly and unbelieving and abominable and murderers and fornicators and sorcerers and idolaters and all the liars, the part of them [is] in the lake the burning with fire and sulfur, which is the death the second.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:9 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “And came one out of the seven angels, the [ones] having the seven bowls, the [ones] being full of the seven plagues the last, and he spoke with me saying: Come, I will show to you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:10 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and he carried me away in the Ruach upon a mountain great and high, and he showed to me the city the holy Jerusalem coming down out of the heaven from Elohim,”
Heb, Ezek 40:2 (in visions of Elohim He brought me …; He set me down upon a mountain very high): בְּמַרְא֣וֹת אֱלֹהִ֔ים הֱבִיאַ֖נִי אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְנִיחֵ֗נִי אֶל־הַ֤ר גָּבֹ֨הַּ֙ מְאֹ֔ד — “in visions of Elohim He brought me into the land of Israel, and He set me down upon a mountain very high”
Rev 21:11 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “having the glory of Elohim; the radiance of her like a stone most precious, as a jasper stone glittering;”
Heb, Ezek 1:26 (as the appearance of sapphire stone, the likeness of a throne): וּמִמַּ֗עַל לָרָקִ֨יעַ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־רֹאשָׁ֔ם כְּמַרְאֵ֥ה אֶֽבֶן־סַפִּ֖יר דְּמ֣וּת כִּסֵּ֑א — “and above the expanse which was over their heads, as the appearance of sapphire stone, the likeness of a throne”
Rev 21:12 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “having a wall great and high, having gates twelve, and upon the gates angels twelve, and names having been inscribed which are of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel;”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:13 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “from the east gates three, and from the north gates three, and from the south gates three, and from the west gates three;”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:14 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the wall of the city having foundations twelve, and upon them twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
STUDY NOTES — verse by verse. [Brackets] mark English helper words. Hebrew quoted word-for-word from the Tanakh, never invented. “Lord” = kurios (title), never the Name. Greek in pinned comment; apparatus free below.
Rev 21:15 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “And the [one] speaking with me had a measure, a reed golden, that he might measure the city and the gates of it and the wall of it.”
Heb, Ezek 40:3 (a line of flax in his hand, and the reed of the measure): וַיָּבֵ֨יא אוֹתִ֜י שָׁ֗מָּה וְהִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ מַרְאֵ֨הוּ֙ כְּמַרְאֵ֣ה נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וּפְתִיל־פִּשְׁתִּ֥ים בְּיָד֖וֹ וּקְנֵ֣ה הַמִּדָּ֑ה — “and He brought me there, and behold a man — his appearance as the appearance of bronze, and a line of flax in his hand, and the reed of the measure” Zech 2:5 [Hebrew numbering; English 2:1] (a man with a measuring line — וּבְיָדוֹ חֶבֶל מִדָּה answers to the measuring of the city): וָאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֛י וָאֵ֖רֶא וְהִנֵּה־אִ֑ישׁ וּבְיָד֖וֹ חֶ֥בֶל מִדָּֽה׃ “and I lifted my eyes and saw, and behold a man, and in his hand a measuring line”
Rev 21:16 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the city foursquare lies, and the length of it [is] as much as the breadth. And he measured the city with the reed at twelve thousand stadia; the length and the breadth and the height of it are equal.”
Heb, 1 Kgs 6:20 (the Holy of Holies: a perfect cube): וְלִפְנֵ֣י הַדְּבִ֡יר עֶשְׂרִים֩ אַמָּ֨ה אֹ֜רֶךְ וְעֶשְׂרִ֧ים אַמָּ֣ה רֹ֗חַב וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים אַמָּה֙ קֽוֹמָת֔וֹ — “and before the inner-sanctuary: twenty cubits length, and twenty cubits breadth, and twenty cubits the height of it”
Rev 21:17 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and he measured the wall of it, of a hundred forty-four cubits, a measure of a man, which is of an angel.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:18 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the building-material of the wall of it [was] jasper, and the city [was] gold pure like glass pure;”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:19 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “the foundations of the wall of the city with every stone precious having been adorned; the foundation the first [was] jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald,”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:20 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh hyacinth, the twelfth amethyst;”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:21 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the twelve gates [were] twelve pearls, each one apiece of the gates was out of one pearl; and the broad-place of the city [was] gold pure as glass transparent.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:22 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “And a temple I did not see in it, for YudHeyVavHey, Elohim, the Almighty, is the temple of it, and the Lamb.”
Heb, Jer 3:16 (the ark of the covenant no longer spoken of): וְהָיָ֡ה כִּ֣י תִרְבּוּ֩ וּפְרִיתֶ֨ם בָּאָ֜רֶץ בַּיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵ֨מָּה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לֹא־יֹ֣אמְרוּ ע֗וֹד אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א יַעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־לֵ֑ב וְלֹ֤א יִזְכְּרוּ־בוֹ֙ וְלֹ֤א יִפְקֹ֔דוּ וְלֹ֥א יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה עֽוֹד׃ — “and it shall be, when you are multiplied and fruitful in the land in those days, declares YudHeyVavHey, they shall no longer say, The ark of the covenant of YudHeyVavHey; nor shall it come up upon the heart, nor shall they remember it, nor miss it, nor shall it be made again”
Rev 21:23 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the city has no need of the sun nor of the moon, that they might shine to it, for the glory of Elohim illumined it, and the lamp of it [is] the Lamb.”
Heb, Isa 60:19 (no longer the sun for light by day, nor the moon; but YudHeyVavHey for everlasting light): לֹא־יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֨ךְ ע֤וֹד הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ לְא֣וֹר יוֹמָ֔ם וּלְנֹ֕גַהּ הַיָּרֵ֖חַ לֹא־יָאִ֣יר לָ֑ךְ וְהָיָה־לָ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ לְא֣וֹר עוֹלָ֔ם וֵאלֹהַ֖יִךְ לְתִפְאַרְתֵּֽךְ׃ — “no longer shall the sun be to you for light by day, nor for brightness shall the moon give light to you; but YudHeyVavHey shall be to you for everlasting light, and your Elohim for your beauty”
Rev 21:24 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and shall walk the nations through the light of it; and the kings of the earth bring the glory of them into it;”
Heb, Isa 60:3 (nations shall walk by your light, and kings): וְהָלְכ֥וּ גוֹיִ֖ם לְאוֹרֵ֑ךְ וּמְלָכִ֖ים לְנֹ֥גַהּ זַרְחֵֽךְ׃ — “and nations shall walk by your light, and kings by the brightness of your rising”
Rev 21:25 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and the gates of it shall in no way be shut by day, for night shall not be there,”
Heb, Isa 60:11 (your gates shall be opened continually, they shall not be shut day nor night): וּפִתְּח֨וּ שְׁעָרַ֧יִךְ תָּמִ֛יד יוֹמָ֥ם וָלַ֖יְלָה לֹ֣א יִסָּגֵ֑רוּ — “and your gates shall be opened continually; day and night they shall not be shut”
Rev 21:26 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and they shall bring the glory and the honor of the nations into it.”
Heb: no direct Tanakh verbal parallel — so stated.
Rev 21:27 — א A P; C lacuna — whole chapter.
Lit: “and in no way shall enter into it every common [thing], and [every one] doing abomination and falsehood, except the [ones] having been written in the book of the life of the Lamb.”
Heb, Isa 52:1 (no more shall come into you the uncircumcised and the unclean): כִּ֣י לֹ֥א יוֹסִ֛יף יָבֹא־בָ֥ךְ ע֖וֹד עָרֵ֥ל וְטָמֵֽא׃ — “for no more shall come into you again the uncircumcised and the unclean”
Heb, Dan 12:1 (everyone found written in the book): וּבָעֵ֤ת הַהִיא֙ יִמָּלֵ֣ט עַמְּךָ֔ כָּל־הַנִּמְצָ֖א כָּת֥וּב בַּסֵּֽפֶר׃ — “and at that time your people shall escape, everyone found written in the book”
TANAKH PARALLELS — REVELATION CHAPTER 21
Verbatim Tanakh Hebrew with literal English gloss for the key images of the chapter. Hebrew from the Westminster Leningrad Codex (public domain, via the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible, WLC 4.20). No commentary.
1. NEW HEAVENS AND A NEW EARTH (21:1)
Isa 65:17: כִּֽי־הִנְנִ֥י בוֹרֵ֛א שָׁמַ֥יִם חֲדָשִׁ֖ים וָאָ֣רֶץ חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וְלֹ֤א תִזָּכַ֨רְנָה֙ הָרִ֣אשֹׁנ֔וֹת וְלֹ֥א תַעֲלֶ֖ינָה עַל־לֵֽב׃ “for behold, I am creating heavens new and an earth new; and the former [things] shall not be remembered, and they shall not come up upon the heart”
Isa 66:22: כִּ֣י כַאֲשֶׁ֣ר הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם הַ֠חֳדָשִׁים וְהָאָ֨רֶץ הַחֲדָשָׁ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲנִ֥י עֹשֶׂ֛ה עֹמְדִ֥ים לְפָנַ֖י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה כֵּ֛ן יַעֲמֹ֥ד זַרְעֲכֶ֖ם וְשִׁמְכֶֽם׃ “for as the heavens the new and the earth the new which I am making stand before Me, declares YudHeyVavHey, so shall stand your seed and your name”
2. THE BRIDE ADORNED (21:2)
Isa 61:10: שׂ֧וֹשׂ אָשִׂ֣ישׂ בַּֽיהוָ֗ה תָּגֵ֤ל נַפְשִׁי֙ בֵּֽאלֹהַ֔י כִּ֤י הִלְבִּישַׁ֨נִי֙ בִּגְדֵי־יֶ֔שַׁע מְעִ֥יל צְדָקָ֖ה יְעָטָ֑נִי כֶּֽחָתָן֙ יְכַהֵ֣ן פְּאֵ֔ר וְכַכַּלָּ֖ה תַּעְדֶּ֥ה כֵלֶֽיהָ׃ “I will rejoice greatly in YudHeyVavHey, my soul shall exult in my Elohim, for He has clothed me with garments of salvation, a robe of righteousness He has wrapped me in; as a bridegroom decks [himself] with splendor, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels”
3. THE TABERNACLE WITH MEN (21:3)
Lev 26:11–12: וְנָתַתִּ֥י מִשְׁכָּנִ֖י בְּתוֹכְכֶ֑ם וְלֹֽא־תִגְעַ֥ל נַפְשִׁ֖י אֶתְכֶֽם׃ וְהִתְהַלַּכְתִּ֙י בְּת֣וֹכְכֶ֔ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָכֶ֖ם לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וְאַתֶּ֖ם תִּהְיוּ־לִ֥י לְעָֽם׃ “and I will set My tabernacle in the midst of you, and My soul shall not abhor you; and I will walk in the midst of you, and I will be to you for Elohim, and you shall be to Me for a people”
Ezek 37:27: וְהָיָ֤ה מִשְׁכָּנִי֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם וְהָיִ֥יתִי לָהֶ֖ם לֵֽאלֹהִ֑ים וְהֵ֖מָּה יִֽהְיוּ־לִ֥י לְעָֽם׃ “and My tabernacle shall be over them, and I will be to them for Elohim, and they shall be to Me for a people”
4. EVERY TEAR WIPED; DEATH NO MORE (21:4)
Isa 25:8: בִּלַּ֤ע הַמָּ֨וֶת֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וּמָחָ֨ה אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה דִּמְעָ֖ה מֵעַ֣ל כָּל־פָּנִ֑ים וְחֶרְפַּ֣ת עַמּ֗וֹ יָסִיר֙ מֵעַ֣ל כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה דִּבֵּֽר׃ “He will swallow up death forever, and Adonai YudHeyVavHey will wipe the tear from upon all faces, and the reproach of His people He will remove from upon all the earth, for YudHeyVavHey has spoken”
5. BEHOLD, I MAKE ALL THINGS NEW (21:5)
Isa 43:19: הִנְנִ֨י עֹשֶׂ֤ה חֲדָשָׁה֙ עַתָּ֣ה תִצְמָ֔ח הֲל֖וֹא תֵֽדָע֑וּהָ אַ֣ף אָשִׂ֤ים בַּמִּדְבָּר֙ דֶּ֔רֶךְ בִּֽישִׁמ֖וֹן נְהָרֽוֹת׃ “behold, I am doing a new thing; now it shall spring forth — will you not know it? — even I will set in the wilderness a way, in the desert rivers”
6. THE ALPHA AND THE OMEGA (21:6)
Isa 44:6: כֹּֽה־אָמַ֨ר יְהוָ֧ה מֶֽלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל וְגֹאֲל֖וֹ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת אֲנִ֤י רִאשׁוֹן֙ וַאֲנִ֣י אַחֲר֔וֹן וּמִבַּלְעָדַ֖י אֵ֥ין אֱלֹהִֽים׃ “thus says YudHeyVavHey, King of Israel, and his Redeemer, YudHeyVavHey of hosts: I am first and I am last, and besides Me there is no Elohim”
Isa 48:12: שְׁמַ֤ע אֵלַי֙ יַֽעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מְקֹרָאִ֑י אֲנִי־הוּא֙ אֲנִ֣י רִאשׁ֔וֹן אַ֖ף אֲנִ֥י אַחֲרֽוֹן׃ “hear to Me, Jacob, and Israel My called: I am He; I am first, I am also last”
7. WATER FOR THE THIRSTY; THE FOUNTAIN OF LIVING WATERS (21:6)
Isa 55:1: ה֤וֹי כָּל־צָמֵא֙ לְכ֣וּ לַמַּ֔יִם וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין־ל֖וֹ כָּ֑סֶף לְכ֤וּ שִׁבְרוּ֙ וֶֽאֱכֹ֔לוּ וּלְכ֣וּ שִׁבְר֗וּ בְּלוֹא־כֶ֛סֶף וּבְל֥וֹא מְחִ֖יר יַ֥יִן וְחָלָֽב׃ “Ho, every thirsty one, come to the waters; and he who has no silver, come, buy and eat; and come, buy without silver and without price wine and milk”
Jer 2:13: כִּֽי־שְׁתַּ֥יִם רָע֖וֹת עָשָׂ֣ה עַמִּ֑י אֹתִ֨י עָזְב֜וּ מְק֣וֹר מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֗ים לַחְצֹ֤ב לָהֶם֙ בֹּאר֔וֹת בֹּארֹת֙ נִשְׁבָּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָכִ֖לוּ הַמָּֽיִם׃ “for two evils My people have done: Me they have forsaken, the fountain of living waters, to hew for themselves cisterns, broken cisterns which cannot hold the waters”
8. CARRIED TO A HIGH MOUNTAIN (21:10)
Ezek 40:2: בְּמַרְא֣וֹת אֱלֹהִ֔ים הֱבִיאַ֖נִי אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיְנִיחֵ֗נִי אֶל־הַ֤ר גָּבֹ֨הַּ֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְעָלָ֥יו כְּמִבְנֵה־עִ֖יר מִנֶּֽגֶב׃ “in visions of Elohim He brought me into the land of Israel, and He set me down upon a mountain very high, and upon it as the building of a city from the south”
9. THE SAPPHIRE THRONE-STONE (21:11)
Ezek 1:26: וּמִמַּ֗עַל לָרָקִ֨יעַ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־רֹאשָׁ֔ם כְּמַרְאֵ֥ה אֶֽבֶן־סַפִּ֖יר דְּמ֣וּת כִּסֵּ֑א וְעַל֙ דְּמ֣וּת הַכִּסֵּ֔א דְּמ֞וּת כְּמַרְאֵ֥ה אָדָ֛ם עָלָ֖יו מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃ “and above the expanse which was over their heads, as the appearance of sapphire stone, the likeness of a throne; and upon the likeness of the throne, the likeness as the appearance of a man upon it from above”
10. THE TWELVE GATES, THREE TO EACH SIDE, NAMED FOR THE TRIBES
Ezek 48:31–34: וְשַׁעֲרֵ֣י הָעִ֗יר עַל־שְׁמוֹת֙ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁעָרִ֥ים שְׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה צָפ֑וֹנָה שַׁ֣עַר רְאוּבֵ֞ן אֶחָ֗ד שַׁ֤עַר יְהוּדָה֙ אֶחָ֔ד שַׁ֥עַר לֵוִ֖י אֶחָֽד׃ וְאֶל־פְּאַ֣ת קָדִ֗ימָה חֲמֵ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ וְאַרְבַּ֣עַת אֲלָפִ֔ים וּשְׁעָרִ֖ים שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה וְשַׁ֨עַר יוֹסֵ֜ף אֶחָ֗ד שַׁ֤עַר בִּנְיָמִן֙ אֶחָ֔ד שַׁ֥עַר דָּ֖ן אֶחָֽד׃ וּפְאַת־נֶ֗גְבָּה חֲמֵ֨שׁ מֵא֜וֹת וְאַרְבַּ֤עַת אֲלָפִים֙ מִדָּ֔ה וּשְׁעָרִ֖ים שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה שַׁ֣עַר שִׁמְע֞וֹן אֶחָ֗ד שַׁ֤עַר יִשָּׂשכָר֙ אֶחָ֔ד שַׁ֥עַר זְבוּלֻ֖ן אֶחָֽד׃ פְּאַת־יָ֗מָּה חֲמֵ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ וְאַרְבַּ֣עַת אֲלָפִים֙ שַֽׁעֲרֵיהֶ֖ם שְׁלֹשָׁ֑ה שַׁ֣עַר גָּ֞ד אֶחָ֗ד שַׁ֤עַר אָשֵׁר֙ אֶחָ֔ד שַׁ֥עַר נַפְתָּלִ֖י אֶחָֽד׃ “and the gates of the city [shall be] after the names of the tribes of Israel: three gates northward — the gate of Reuben one, the gate of Judah one, the gate of Levi one; and to the side eastward, five hundred and four thousand, and three gates — the gate of Joseph one, the gate of Benjamin one, the gate of Dan one; and the side southward, five hundred and four thousand by measure, and three gates — the gate of Simeon one, the gate of Issachar one, the gate of Zebulun one; the side westward, five hundred and four thousand — their gates three — the gate of Gad one, the gate of Asher one, the gate of Naphtali one”
11. THE MEASURING REED (21:15)
Ezek 40:3: וַיָּבֵ֨יא אוֹתִ֜י שָׁ֗מָּה וְהִנֵּה־אִישׁ֙ מַרְאֵ֨הוּ֙ כְּמַרְאֵ֣ה נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וּפְתִיל־פִּשְׁתִּ֥ים בְּיָד֖וֹ וּקְנֵ֣ה הַמִּדָּ֑ה וְה֥וּא עֹמֵ֖ד בַּשָּֽׁעַר׃ “and He brought me there, and behold a man — his appearance as the appearance of bronze, and a line of flax in his hand, and the reed of the measure — and he was standing in the gate”
Zech 2:5 [Hebrew numbering; English 2:1]: וָאֶשָּׂ֥א עֵינַ֛י וָאֵ֖רֶא וְהִנֵּה־אִ֑ישׁ וּבְיָד֖וֹ חֶ֥בֶל מִדָּֽה׃ “and I lifted my eyes and saw, and behold a man, and in his hand a measuring line”
12. THE PERFECT CUBE (21:16)
Heb, 1 Kgs 6:20 (the Holy of Holies): וְלִפְנֵ֣י הַדְּבִ֡יר עֶשְׂרִים֩ אַמָּ֨ה אֹ֜רֶךְ וְעֶשְׂרִ֧ים אַמָּ֣ה רֹ֗חַב וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים אַמָּה֙ קֽוֹמָת֔וֹ וַיְצַפֵּ֖הוּ זָהָ֣ב סָג֑וּר וַיְצַ֥ף מִזְבֵּ֖חַ אָֽרֶז׃ — “and before the inner-sanctuary: twenty cubits length, and twenty cubits breadth, and twenty cubits the height of it; and he overlaid it with pure gold, and he overlaid the altar of cedar”
13. THE TWELVE FOUNDATION STONES
Exod 28:17–20 (the breastplate stones): וּמִלֵּאתָ֥ בוֹ֙ מִלֻּ֣אַת אֶ֔בֶן אַרְבָּעָ֖ה טוּרִ֣ים אָ֑בֶן ט֗וּר אֹ֤דֶם פִּטְדָה֙ וּבָרֶ֔קֶת הַטּ֖וּר הָאֶחָֽד׃ וְהַטּ֖וּר הַשֵּׁנִ֑י נֹ֥פֶךְ סַפִּ֖יר וְיָהֲלֹֽם׃ וְהַטּ֖וּר הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י לֶ֥שֶׁם שְׁב֖וֹ וְאַחְלָֽמָה׃ וְהַטּוּר֙ הָרְבִיעִ֔י תַּרְשִׁ֥ישׁ וְשֹׁ֖הַם וְיָשְׁפֵ֑ה מְשֻׁבָּצִ֥ים זָהָ֛ב יִהְי֖וּ בְּמִלּוּאֹתָֽם׃ “and you shall fill in it a filling of stone, four rows of stone: a row — ruby, topaz, and carbuncle — the first row; and the second row — turquoise, sapphire, and diamond; and the third row — jacinth, agate, and amethyst; and the fourth row — beryl, and onyx, and jasper — set in gold shall they be in their settings”
14. NO TEMPLE (21:22)
Heb, Jer 3:16 (the nearest Tanakh verbal parallel): וְהָיָ֡ה כִּ֣י תִרְבּוּ֩ וּפְרִיתֶ֨ם בָּאָ֜רֶץ בַּיָּמִ֤ים הָהֵ֨מָּה֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה לֹא־יֹ֣אמְרוּ ע֗וֹד אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א יַעֲלֶ֖ה עַל־לֵ֑ב וְלֹ֤א יִזְכְּרוּ־בוֹ֙ וְלֹ֤א יִפְקֹ֔דוּ וְלֹ֥א יֵעָשֶׂ֖ה עֽוֹד׃ — “and it shall be, when you are multiplied and fruitful in the land in those days, declares YudHeyVavHey, they shall no longer say, The ark of the covenant of YudHeyVavHey; nor shall it come up upon the heart, nor shall they remember it, nor miss it, nor shall it be made again”
15. NO NEED OF SUN OR MOON (21:23)
Isa 60:19–20: לֹא־יִֽהְיֶה־לָּךְ ע֤וֹד הַשֶּׁ֨מֶשׁ֙ לְא֣וֹר יוֹמָ֔ם וּלְנֹ֕גַהּ הַיָּרֵ֖חַ לֹא־יָאִ֣יר לָ֑ךְ וְהָיָה־לָ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ לְא֣וֹר עוֹלָ֔ם וֵאלֹהַ֖יִךְ לְתִפְאַרְתֵּֽךְ׃ לֹא־יָב֥וֹא עוֹד֙ שִׁמְשֵׁ֔ךְ וִירֵחֵ֖ךְ לֹ֣א יֵאָסֵ֑ף כִּ֣י יְהוָ֗ה יִֽהְיֶה־לָּךְ֙ לְא֣וֹר עוֹלָ֔ם וְשָׁלְמ֖וּ יְמֵ֥י אֶבְלֵֽךְ׃ “no longer shall the sun be to you for light by day, nor for brightness shall the moon give light to you; but YudHeyVavHey shall be to you for everlasting light, and your Elohim for your beauty. No longer shall your sun go in, nor your moon withdraw, for YudHeyVavHey shall be to you for everlasting light, and the days of your mourning shall be ended”
16. THE NATIONS WALK BY ITS LIGHT; KINGS BRING THEIR GLORY (21:24)
Isa 60:3: וְהָלְכ֥וּ גוֹיִ֖ם לְאוֹרֵ֑ךְ וּמְלָכִ֖ים לְנֹ֥גַהּ זַרְחֵֽךְ׃ “and nations shall walk by your light, and kings by the brightness of your rising”
17. THE GATES NEVER SHUT (21:25)
Isa 60:11: וּפִתְּח֨וּ שְׁעָרַ֧יִךְ תָּמִ֛יד יוֹמָ֥ם וָלַ֖יְלָה לֹ֣א יִסָּגֵ֑רוּ לְהָבִ֤יא אֵלַ֨יִךְ֙ חֵ֣יל גּוֹיִ֔ם וּמַלְכֵיהֶ֖ם נְהוּגִֽים׃ “and your gates shall be opened continually; day and night they shall not be shut, to bring to you the wealth of nations, and their kings being led”
18. NOTHING UNCLEAN SHALL ENTER (21:27)
Isa 52:1: עוּרִ֥י עוּרִ֛י לִבְשִׁ֥י עֻזֵּ֖ךְ צִיּ֑וֹן לִבְשִׁ֣י בִּגְדֵ֣י תִפְאַרְתֵּ֗ךְ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ עִ֣יר הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ כִּ֣י לֹ֥א יוֹסִ֛יף יָבֹא־בָ֥ךְ ע֖וֹד עָרֵ֥ל וְטָמֵֽא׃ “awake, awake, put on your strength, Zion; put on the garments of your beauty, Jerusalem, city of the holy; for no more shall come into you again the uncircumcised and the unclean”
19. WRITTEN IN THE BOOK (21:27)
Dan 12:1: וּבָעֵ֣ת הַהִיא֩ יַעֲמֹ֨ד מִֽיכָאֵל הַשַּׂ֣ר הַגָּד֗וֹל הָעֹמֵד֮ עַל־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּךָ֒ וְהָיְתָה֙ עֵ֣ת צָרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־נִהְיְתָה֙ מִֽהְי֣וֹת גּ֔וֹי עַ֖ד הָעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑יא וּבָעֵ֤ת הַהִיא֙ יִמָּלֵ֣ט עַמְּךָ֔ כָּל־הַנִּמְצָ֖א כָּת֥וּב בַּסֵּֽפֶר׃ “and at that time shall stand Michael, the great prince, the [one] standing over the sons of your people; and there shall be a time of distress which has not been since there was a nation until that time; and at that time your people shall escape, everyone found written in the book”
END OF CHAPTER 21 APPARATUS